{"schemaVersion":1,"passportCode":"GB","passportUrl":"https://multipassrank.com/passport/united-kingdom","scope":"Selected country-topic summaries; not a complete account of citizenship law or personal tax liability. These facts do not change mobility scores.","review":null,"reviewScope":"A common review is provided only when all topics share one approval. Otherwise consult each topic's review; no collection means no review.","reviews":[{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/review_pass412","reviewedAt":"2026-09-17","recheckBy":"2026-12-16","candidateSha256":"456ccdc58839a538a9ce8611b8e65a04e43a8c06b87dcfdcc90fc808f61cf6c4","notes":"Independent review of all 13 topics and 67 facts against all 16 cited primary sources, opened by this reviewer. USCIS and Hong Kong Immigration required direct HTTPS retrieval when the browser fetch failed; their substantive eligibility pages were read. Checked residence versus physical-presence cohorts, France's B2 requirement, Portugal's May 2026 transition and unresolved implementing details, and the India Act's ordinary route separately from special CAA provisions. Required and rechecked corrections preserving Ireland's discretionary dependent-young-adult student-residence exception and Singapore's continuous-stay and 183-day tax-concession conditions; Canada's tax-filing wording was also clarified. UAE Articles 8, 9 bis, 11 and 12 bis were checked in both extracted Arabic and rendered PDF pages, and the PDF was independently reached through ICP's current laws-and-legislation listing. Approval of UAE facts is limited to the explicitly dated 20 September 2021 consolidation and does not establish an open application route, later implementing measures or practical obtainability. Tax topics remain baseline individual frameworks, not personal tax calculations. Missing language levels, India renunciation procedure and UAE practical availability remain explicitly unresolved. No visa evidence, statistical indicators, rendering, promotion or deployment is approved by this record. Candidate hash binds this approval to the reviewed text."},{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/review_pass412","reviewedAt":"2026-09-17","recheckBy":"2026-12-16","candidateSha256":"64932d3b70ab3dafd013ad115ddf2a151dbffcc9e8af04d7e7871cbf10e67f17","notes":"Independently opened all 11 cited official sources and checked all 19 facts across GB citizenship and IE, CA and HK individual-tax topics against their stated locators. UK Form AN is the July 2026 edition; the ordinary section 6(1) route, conditional absence discretion, B1 as one accepted language-evidence route, alternative evidence, exemptions and other-nationality warning are preserved. Irish summaries correctly distinguish residence, ordinary residence and domicile and retain the 30-day condition, arrival-election qualification and continuing foreign-income exceptions. Canadian summaries preserve factual ties, sojourning rather than all presence, part-year versus deemed residence and treaty overrides; non-resident withholding and filing are not collapsed into one procedure. All four Hong Kong authorities returned current official HTML through independent direct HTTPS requests when the browser fetcher failed. Hong Kong employment, business and property claims are conditional and confined to the individual baseline; neither universal foreign-income exemption nor a corporate FSIE conclusion is asserted. Rechecked the requested HKSAR-passport terminology correction. Candidate schema passed. Approval covers these exact candidate bytes and selected factual scope only, not complete personal legal/tax advice, other research batches, rendering or deployment."}],"coverage":{"citizenship":"reviewed_scope","taxes":"reviewed_scope"},"topics":[{"code":"GB","topic":"taxes","title":"United Kingdom Tax Residence & Foreign Income","summary":"UK personal tax residence depends on the Statutory Residence Test, not passport ownership or a single 183-day shortcut.","scope":"Individual UK residence and baseline foreign-income treatment; special reliefs, treaties and individual liabilities require separate assessment.","jurisdiction":"United Kingdom individual taxation","facts":[{"id":"year","label":"Tax year","text":"Residence is considered for the UK tax year, 6 April to 5 April, and may change from one year to the next.","state":"documented","sourceIds":["gb-tax-residence"],"locator":"Work out your residence status; If your situation changes"},{"id":"residence","label":"Residence tests","text":"Consider automatic overseas tests, automatic UK tests and sufficient ties. Spending 183 days in the UK is one test, not the only route to residence.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["gb-tax-residence"],"locator":"UK tests; Overseas tests"},{"id":"foreign","label":"Foreign income","text":"Residents normally pay UK tax on UK and foreign income. Non-residents generally pay UK tax on UK income rather than foreign income.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["gb-tax-residence"],"locator":"Opening residence and tax summary"},{"id":"split","label":"Moving during a tax year","text":"Split-year treatment has conditions; moving country does not by itself establish the applicable split-year case.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["gb-tax-residence"],"locator":"Your residence status when you move"},{"id":"application","label":"Check your circumstances","text":"Use HMRC's residence checker and detailed guidance with your travel days, work pattern, homes and family ties.","state":"documented","sourceIds":["gb-tax-residence"],"locator":"Get help working out your residence status"}],"limits":["This is the baseline residence framework, not a review of new-resident relief, domicile transitions, treaty residence, capital-gains exceptions or rates. Obtain advice for the relevant tax year."],"review":{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/review_pass412","reviewedAt":"2026-09-17","recheckBy":"2026-12-16","candidateSha256":"456ccdc58839a538a9ce8611b8e65a04e43a8c06b87dcfdcc90fc808f61cf6c4","notes":"Independent review of all 13 topics and 67 facts against all 16 cited primary sources, opened by this reviewer. USCIS and Hong Kong Immigration required direct HTTPS retrieval when the browser fetch failed; their substantive eligibility pages were read. Checked residence versus physical-presence cohorts, France's B2 requirement, Portugal's May 2026 transition and unresolved implementing details, and the India Act's ordinary route separately from special CAA provisions. Required and rechecked corrections preserving Ireland's discretionary dependent-young-adult student-residence exception and Singapore's continuous-stay and 183-day tax-concession conditions; Canada's tax-filing wording was also clarified. UAE Articles 8, 9 bis, 11 and 12 bis were checked in both extracted Arabic and rendered PDF pages, and the PDF was independently reached through ICP's current laws-and-legislation listing. Approval of UAE facts is limited to the explicitly dated 20 September 2021 consolidation and does not establish an open application route, later implementing measures or practical obtainability. Tax topics remain baseline individual frameworks, not personal tax calculations. Missing language levels, India renunciation procedure and UAE practical availability remain explicitly unresolved. No visa evidence, statistical indicators, rendering, promotion or deployment is approved by this record. Candidate hash binds this approval to the reviewed text."},"url":"https://multipassrank.com/passport/united-kingdom/taxes","disclaimer":"General information, not personal tax advice. Nationality, tax residence and source of income are different questions. Consult the tax authority or a qualified adviser for your circumstances."},{"code":"GB","topic":"citizenship","title":"United Kingdom Citizenship Requirements","summary":"The ordinary adult British naturalisation route: residence, settlement, absence limits, language evidence and the Life in the UK requirement.","scope":"Selected requirements for ordinary adult naturalisation under section 6(1), not the separate British-spouse route, registration, descent or Crown-service exceptions.","jurisdiction":"United Kingdom: British citizenship","routeType":"naturalisation","facts":[{"id":"residence","label":"Five-year residence route","text":"The ordinary route requires five years of UK residence and presence in the UK exactly five years before the application is received. Immigration-law compliance and the detailed rules for permitted absences still apply.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-gb-naturalisation"],"locator":"Eligibility; Residency requirements; When to apply","constraint":{"value":5,"unit":"years","basis":"legal_residence","cohort":"Ordinary adult section 6(1) applicants, subject to presence, absence and immigration conditions"}},{"id":"settlement","label":"Settlement before applying","text":"The usual route requires indefinite leave or settled status held for 12 months. The British-spouse route has different timing; qualifying pre-settled-status cases also need a separate assessment.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-gb-naturalisation"],"locator":"Eligibility and fees; If you have pre-settled status"},{"id":"absences","label":"Absence limits","text":"The usual limits are 450 days abroad in the five-year period and 90 days in its final 12 months. Home Office discretion is conditional, not an automatic waiver.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-gb-naturalisation","top20-gb-an"],"locator":"Time spent outside the UK; Form AN section 5"},{"id":"language","label":"Language evidence and exemptions","text":"An approved English speaking-and-listening qualification at CEFR B1 or higher is one accepted route. Qualifying degrees and listed nationalities offer alternatives. Age 65 or over gives an exemption; qualifying long-term medical conditions require supporting evidence. Welsh and Scottish Gaelic are also recognised.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-gb-an"],"locator":"Sections 9.2 and 9.3","language":{"framework":"CEFR","level":"B1","skills":["speaking","listening"]}},{"id":"integration","label":"Life in the UK and other conditions","text":"Applicants normally pass the Life in the UK test, meet the good-character requirement and intend to keep their main home in the UK. The knowledge requirements have age and medical exemptions. Naturalisation is not an entitlement.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-gb-naturalisation","top20-gb-an"],"locator":"Eligibility; Form AN sections 1, 8, 9 and 10"},{"id":"dual-nationality","label":"Check both nationalities","text":"The UK permits dual nationality, but becoming British may affect an existing nationality under the other country's law. Check that law before applying.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-gb-an"],"locator":"Section 14.2"}],"limits":["These are selected eligibility conditions, not an approval guarantee or processing-time estimate.","Minors, spouses, registration routes, exceptional residence discretion and the evidence checklist require their own official guidance."],"review":{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/review_pass412","reviewedAt":"2026-09-17","recheckBy":"2026-12-16","candidateSha256":"64932d3b70ab3dafd013ad115ddf2a151dbffcc9e8af04d7e7871cbf10e67f17","notes":"Independently opened all 11 cited official sources and checked all 19 facts across GB citizenship and IE, CA and HK individual-tax topics against their stated locators. UK Form AN is the July 2026 edition; the ordinary section 6(1) route, conditional absence discretion, B1 as one accepted language-evidence route, alternative evidence, exemptions and other-nationality warning are preserved. Irish summaries correctly distinguish residence, ordinary residence and domicile and retain the 30-day condition, arrival-election qualification and continuing foreign-income exceptions. Canadian summaries preserve factual ties, sojourning rather than all presence, part-year versus deemed residence and treaty overrides; non-resident withholding and filing are not collapsed into one procedure. All four Hong Kong authorities returned current official HTML through independent direct HTTPS requests when the browser fetcher failed. Hong Kong employment, business and property claims are conditional and confined to the individual baseline; neither universal foreign-income exemption nor a corporate FSIE conclusion is asserted. Rechecked the requested HKSAR-passport terminology correction. Candidate schema passed. Approval covers these exact candidate bytes and selected factual scope only, not complete personal legal/tax advice, other research batches, rendering or deployment."},"url":"https://multipassrank.com/passport/united-kingdom/citizenship","disclaimer":"General information, not legal advice or a finding of eligibility. Requirements depend on the route, applicant and filing date. Verify the official instructions before applying."}],"sources":[{"id":"gb-tax-residence","publisher":"UK Government / HM Revenue & Customs","title":"UK residence and tax on foreign income","url":"https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income/residence","language":"en","retrievedAt":"2026-09-17"},{"id":"top20-gb-naturalisation","publisher":"UK Government","title":"Apply for citizenship with indefinite leave or settled status","url":"https://www.gov.uk/apply-citizenship-indefinite-leave-to-remain","language":"en","retrievedAt":"2026-09-17"},{"id":"top20-gb-an","publisher":"UK Visas and Immigration","title":"Form AN guidance, July 2026","url":"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/form-an-guidance/form-an-guidance-accessible","language":"en","retrievedAt":"2026-09-17"}],"indicators":{"scope":"These describe the publisher's statistical geography, not benefits acquired by holding its passport. Values from different years are not a like-for-like ranking. No combined quality-of-life score is calculated.","review":{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/review_pass412","reviewedAt":"2026-09-22","recheckBy":"2026-12-21","candidateSha256":"39a387a50a2aabd1d22f731ee6cac6f5c5ca947272add45f874774511443a18c","notes":"Independently fetched the exact UNDP CSV, complete World Bank series and geography-registry responses, and parsed them using Ruby standard CSV/JSON rather than the author's parser. All 146 outcomes across 73 geographies match: 140 exact native values with provider names and years, and six explicit source-specific nulls (MC/MO HDI; VA/TW both). All ISO mappings and non-aggregate scopes checked, with absent registry entities explicitly qualified. Verified HDR2025/2023 latest HDI, WDI2024 observations and 2026-07-13 update, source licences, attribution, rounding disclosures and no endorsement. The initial candidate's decoded-text UNDP hash was held; this replacement preserves all independently checked observations, records explicit encodings and matches the independently downloaded original bytes: UNDP 61ed82e5b66c88dfca8ff9fac775c63981ecab6a254862af97acacc41c143117, WDI 19be3c9b22cbba7a453233aa0f98f86f0ca1437667a57e91e899d9d43e8a5784, registry d29d57f8adf954c5e2a1520a02fb2c7b45575d8db3bd327a9dff47d66914231c. Approval binds only these replacement candidate bytes; historic approvals remain unchanged."},"coverage":"reviewed_scope","observations":[{"code":"GB","providerEntityCode":"GBR","providerEntityName":"United Kingdom","geographicScope":"Publisher-reported national statistical geography; not every overseas territory or citizen abroad","metric":"hdi","sourceId":"undp-hdr2025","period":"2023","value":0.946,"availability":"available","definition":{"label":"Human Development Index","unit":"0–1","precision":3,"description":"UNDP's development measure; not a passport or relocation score."},"source":{"id":"undp-hdr2025","publisher":"UNDP","attribution":"UNDP Human Development Report 2025, composite indices time series. Selected observations; display rounded to three decimals. No endorsement implied.","title":"Human Development Index","url":"https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/documentation-and-downloads","dataUrl":"https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2025_HDR/HDR25_Composite_indices_complete_time_series.csv","licenceUrl":"https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use","licence":"CC BY 3.0 IGO","edition":"Human Development Report 2025","sourceSha256":"61ed82e5b66c88dfca8ff9fac775c63981ecab6a254862af97acacc41c143117","dataEncoding":"windows-1252"}},{"code":"GB","providerEntityCode":"GBR","providerEntityName":"United Kingdom","geographicScope":"Publisher-reported national statistical geography; not every overseas territory or citizen abroad","metric":"life_expectancy","sourceId":"wb-life","period":"2024","value":81.3868536585366,"availability":"available","definition":{"label":"Life expectancy at birth","unit":"years","precision":1,"description":"Population-level period estimate; not an individual prediction or healthcare-access rating."},"source":{"id":"wb-life","publisher":"World Bank","attribution":"World Bank: World Development Indicators, SP.DYN.LE00.IN; UN World Population Prospects, national statistical offices and Eurostat. Selected observations; display rounded to one decimal. No endorsement implied.","title":"Life expectancy at birth, total","url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN","dataUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN?format=json&date=2020:2026&per_page=20000","licenceUrl":"https://data.worldbank.org/summary-terms-of-use","licence":"CC BY 4.0 with World Bank additional terms","edition":"World Development Indicators, updated 2026-07-13","sourceSha256":"19be3c9b22cbba7a453233aa0f98f86f0ca1437667a57e91e899d9d43e8a5784","dataEncoding":"utf-8","geographyUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all?format=json&per_page=400","geographySha256":"d29d57f8adf954c5e2a1520a02fb2c7b45575d8db3bd327a9dff47d66914231c"}}]}}