{"schemaVersion":1,"passportCode":"SI","passportUrl":"https://multipassrank.com/passport/slovenia","scope":"Selected country-topic summaries; not a complete account of citizenship law or personal tax liability. These facts do not change mobility scores.","review":{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/top20_korea_finland","reviewedAt":"2026-09-17","recheckBy":"2026-12-16","candidateSha256":"39a138442f239970df4db86a298bc86e3fc0b66b91cb6250e5c54fcf3981d11e","notes":"Independently read the relevant actual content of all 13 primary sources for all six topics and 30 facts, plus currentness cross-checks recorded in the notes. Corrected only Hungary's clean-record wording to preserve assessment under Hungarian law and pending proceedings before a Hungarian court. Confirmed ordinary-route scope, Poland's language-evidence transition, Slovenia's current guidance alongside archived Article 10 and the 2017 Article 13 amendment, A2–B1 basic-exam mapping, statutory exemptions, and resident/source/foreign-income/treaty distinctions. Slovenia's FURS guide is explicitly the live-linked August 2025 edition; unresolved detailed absence calculations and individual treaty outcomes remain outside scope. Approval binds only these corrected candidate bytes."},"reviewScope":"A common review is provided only when all topics share one approval. Otherwise consult each topic's review; no collection means no review.","reviews":[{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/top20_korea_finland","reviewedAt":"2026-09-17","recheckBy":"2026-12-16","candidateSha256":"39a138442f239970df4db86a298bc86e3fc0b66b91cb6250e5c54fcf3981d11e","notes":"Independently read the relevant actual content of all 13 primary sources for all six topics and 30 facts, plus currentness cross-checks recorded in the notes. Corrected only Hungary's clean-record wording to preserve assessment under Hungarian law and pending proceedings before a Hungarian court. Confirmed ordinary-route scope, Poland's language-evidence transition, Slovenia's current guidance alongside archived Article 10 and the 2017 Article 13 amendment, A2–B1 basic-exam mapping, statutory exemptions, and resident/source/foreign-income/treaty distinctions. Slovenia's FURS guide is explicitly the live-linked August 2025 edition; unresolved detailed absence calculations and individual treaty outcomes remain outside scope. Approval binds only these corrected candidate bytes."}],"coverage":{"citizenship":"reviewed_scope","taxes":"reviewed_scope"},"topics":[{"code":"SI","topic":"citizenship","title":"Slovenia: ordinary naturalisation","summary":"Ordinary adult naturalisation requires ten years of actual residence, including five continuous years before applying, lawful foreigner status, basic Slovene and other conditions. Release from prior nationality has important exceptions.","scope":"Ordinary adult Article 10 naturalisation, not Article 12 family, origin, refugee, stateless or graduate routes, or Article 13 extraordinary naturalisation.","jurisdiction":"Slovenia","routeId":"si-ordinary-naturalisation","routeType":"naturalisation","facts":[{"id":"top20-si-residence","label":"Actual residence and lawful status","text":"Applicants must actually live in Slovenia for ten years, including the continuous five years immediately before applying, and have regulated foreigner status. Actual residence involves physical presence and the centre of interests. Qualifying status can include permanent or temporary residence permission or EU residence registration; ten years of permanent-residence status is not required.","state":"documented","sourceIds":["top20-si-citizenship","top20-si-citizenship-law","top20-si-application"],"locator":"GOV.SI Acquiring citizenship by naturalisation; Act Article 10(1)(3) and concluding definitions of actual residence and foreigner status; application instructions section I","constraint":{"value":10,"unit":"years","basis":"physical_presence","cohort":"Article 10 adult applicants: actual Slovenian residence, including the final five continuous years before application, and regulated foreigner status"}},{"id":"top20-si-language","label":"Basic Slovene examination","text":"The ordinary requirement is Slovene for everyday communication, proved by the basic-level examination. The authorised examination centre maps that basic level to CEFR A2–B1, with listening, reading, writing and speaking; it is not described here as a single B1-only requirement.","state":"documented","sourceIds":["top20-si-citizenship-law","top20-si-language-faq","top20-si-language-exam"],"locator":"Act Article 10(1)(5); FAQ Which level of exam should I take and CEFR correspondence; Basic Level Exam format","language":{"framework":"CEFR, as mapped by the authorised Slovene examination centre","level":"A2–B1 basic level","skills":["listening","reading","writing","speaking"]}},{"id":"top20-si-language-exceptions","label":"Education, age and health exceptions","text":"The requirement is deemed met after Slovenian primary school, an accredited Slovenian secondary programme, specified Slovenian higher education completed after 25 June 1991, or Slovene-medium primary/secondary school in neighbouring indigenous Slovene communities. Applicants older than 60 with 15 actual years in Slovenia also qualify. Illiterate applicants can take a basic oral-communication test. Health impairments preventing everyday communication and examination in the required form can exempt the applicant, established by expert evidence.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-si-citizenship-law","top20-si-application","top20-si-language-faq"],"locator":"Act Article 10, language-equivalence list and following illiteracy/health paragraphs; instructions section I point 4; FAQ illiterate citizenship applicants"},{"id":"top20-si-other-conditions","label":"Support, conduct and oath","text":"Applicants must be adults, have sufficient means for themselves and dependants, settle tax obligations, satisfy criminal-record and residence-exclusion conditions, and present no public-order, security or defence danger. Relevant convictions include unconditional imprisonment exceeding three months or a suspended prison sentence with probation exceeding one year, subject to expungement rules. An oath respecting the democratic constitutional order is required. Grant remains discretionary in the national interest.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-si-citizenship-law","top20-si-application"],"locator":"Act Article 10 opening, points 1, 4, 6–10, pending-proceedings/expungement paragraphs; instructions section I"},{"id":"top20-si-prior-nationality","label":"Release and retention exceptions","text":"Ordinarily applicants must obtain release from existing nationality or show it will follow a Slovenian grant. Exceptions include statelessness, automatic loss, proven unreasonable delay, and EU nationality with reciprocity. Where the other country refuses release or penalises naturalisation as disloyalty, a renunciation declaration suffices. Delay has statutory steps and deadlines. These exceptions differ from the wider retention rules for specified special routes.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-si-citizenship","top20-si-citizenship-law"],"locator":"GOV.SI Dual nationality; Act Article 10(1)(2) and following release-exception paragraphs"}],"limits":["This is not automatic eligibility or approval. Permitted absences and detailed continuity calculations are not reduced to a single day allowance.","The official gazette text is archival. Article 10 was checked against the current government page and linked application instructions; the subsequently enacted 2017 amendment affects Article 13, not these ordinary-route conditions.","The older-than-60 exception also requires 15 actual years; health exemption requires the statutory inability and expert evidence, not a diagnosis alone. Retaining another nationality also depends on the other state's law."],"review":{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/top20_korea_finland","reviewedAt":"2026-09-17","recheckBy":"2026-12-16","candidateSha256":"39a138442f239970df4db86a298bc86e3fc0b66b91cb6250e5c54fcf3981d11e","notes":"Independently read the relevant actual content of all 13 primary sources for all six topics and 30 facts, plus currentness cross-checks recorded in the notes. Corrected only Hungary's clean-record wording to preserve assessment under Hungarian law and pending proceedings before a Hungarian court. Confirmed ordinary-route scope, Poland's language-evidence transition, Slovenia's current guidance alongside archived Article 10 and the 2017 Article 13 amendment, A2–B1 basic-exam mapping, statutory exemptions, and resident/source/foreign-income/treaty distinctions. Slovenia's FURS guide is explicitly the live-linked August 2025 edition; unresolved detailed absence calculations and individual treaty outcomes remain outside scope. Approval binds only these corrected candidate bytes."},"url":"https://multipassrank.com/passport/slovenia/citizenship","disclaimer":"General information, not legal advice or a finding of eligibility. Requirements depend on the route, applicant and filing date. Verify the official instructions before applying."},{"code":"SI","topic":"taxes","title":"Slovenia: individual tax residence and scope","summary":"Slovenian tax residence uses registered permanent residence, habitual abode, personal and economic ties, and a more-than-183-day test. Residents generally face worldwide taxation, with statutory and treaty qualifications.","scope":"Baseline individual income-tax residence and cross-border scope, not rates, social contributions, investment-specific exemptions or personalised treaty conclusions.","jurisdiction":"Slovenia","facts":[{"id":"top20-si-tax-residential-ties","label":"Residence beyond day counts","text":"Domestic resident categories include registered permanent residence, habitual abode, or the centre of personal and economic interests in Slovenia. Family, home and economic connections are assessed individually; particular Slovenian public-service and EU-institution roles abroad also have statutory rules.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-si-tax-guide"],"locator":"Sections 1.1, 1.1.1 and 1.1.2, pages 3–4"},{"id":"top20-si-tax-days","label":"More than 183 days","text":"Presence exceeding 183 days in a calendar tax year is another resident criterion, without requiring uninterrupted presence. FURS counts days when the person is in Slovenia at day's end, excluding departure days, transit days and wholly absent days. Daily cross-border commuting therefore does not meet this criterion merely through workday visits.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-si-tax-guide"],"locator":"Sections 1.1.3 and 1.1.6, pages 5–6"},{"id":"top20-si-tax-exceptions","label":"Special non-resident categories","text":"FURS identifies special non-resident categories, including persons present exclusively for study or treatment and specified diplomatic, international-institution and foreign-expert employment cohorts. The foreign-expert category requires tax-authority approval. These are specific exceptions, not a general exclusion for foreign nationals or students who also establish other purposes for residence.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-si-tax-guide"],"locator":"Section 2.1, page 10"},{"id":"top20-si-tax-income-scope","label":"Worldwide versus Slovenian-source income","text":"Residents generally owe personal income tax on income earned inside and outside Slovenia. Non-residents are taxed on Slovenian-source income, subject to exemptions and treaties. Source categories include work performed in Slovenia, Slovenian business establishments and Slovenian real estate; the relevant income category must be identified.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-si-tax-guide"],"locator":"Section 1, page 3; sections 2 and 2.2–2.3, pages 10–11"},{"id":"top20-si-tax-treaties","label":"Treaty residence and relief","text":"Treaty tie-breakers can establish sole residence in the other contracting state, which also changes Slovenian domestic status for the relevant period under Article 7(2). Applicable treaties allocate taxing rights and relief; absent a treaty, foreign-source income can receive a foreign-tax credit capped at the Slovenian tax. Residence status and supporting evidence must be arranged with FURS.","state":"conditional","sourceIds":["top20-si-tax-guide"],"locator":"Sections 1.1.4, 1.1.7–1.1.8 and 1.2, pages 5–7"}],"limits":["The live FURS-linked detailed guide is dated August 2025; it was retrieved in September 2026, not represented as a new 2026 edition.","Special non-resident categories have their own statutory qualifications. No generic exemption for all students, diplomats or foreign employees is inferred. Treaty relief and reporting depend on the specific income and evidence."],"review":{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/top20_korea_finland","reviewedAt":"2026-09-17","recheckBy":"2026-12-16","candidateSha256":"39a138442f239970df4db86a298bc86e3fc0b66b91cb6250e5c54fcf3981d11e","notes":"Independently read the relevant actual content of all 13 primary sources for all six topics and 30 facts, plus currentness cross-checks recorded in the notes. Corrected only Hungary's clean-record wording to preserve assessment under Hungarian law and pending proceedings before a Hungarian court. Confirmed ordinary-route scope, Poland's language-evidence transition, Slovenia's current guidance alongside archived Article 10 and the 2017 Article 13 amendment, A2–B1 basic-exam mapping, statutory exemptions, and resident/source/foreign-income/treaty distinctions. Slovenia's FURS guide is explicitly the live-linked August 2025 edition; unresolved detailed absence calculations and individual treaty outcomes remain outside scope. Approval binds only these corrected candidate bytes."},"url":"https://multipassrank.com/passport/slovenia/taxes","disclaimer":"General information, not personal tax advice. Nationality, tax residence and source of income are different questions. Consult the tax authority or a qualified adviser for your circumstances."}],"sources":[{"id":"top20-si-citizenship","publisher":"Slovenia, Ministry of the Interior and Public Administration","title":"Citizenship, updated 22 June 2026","url":"https://www.gov.si/en/topics/citizenship/","language":"en","retrievedAt":"2026-09-17"},{"id":"top20-si-application","publisher":"Slovenia, eUprava","title":"Instructions for an application for Slovenian citizenship by naturalisation","url":"https://e-uprava.gov.si/.download/vloge/datoteka?file=22020","language":"sl","retrievedAt":"2026-09-17"},{"id":"top20-si-citizenship-law","publisher":"Slovenia, Official Gazette","title":"Citizenship Act, official consolidated text ZDRS-UPB2, Article 10","url":"https://www.uradni-list.si/glasilo-uradni-list-rs/vsebina/79103","language":"sl","retrievedAt":"2026-09-17"},{"id":"top20-si-language-faq","publisher":"University of Ljubljana, Centre for Slovene as a Second and Foreign Language","title":"Slovene language examinations: frequently asked questions","url":"https://centerslo.si/en/exams/faq/","language":"en","retrievedAt":"2026-09-17"},{"id":"top20-si-language-exam","publisher":"University of Ljubljana, Centre for Slovene as a Second and Foreign Language","title":"The Basic Level Exam (A2–B1)","url":"https://centerslo.si/en/exams/slovene-language-exams/the-basic-level-exam/","language":"en","retrievedAt":"2026-09-17"},{"id":"top20-si-tax-guide","publisher":"Financial Administration of the Republic of Slovenia","title":"International Taxation: General Explanations, sixth version, August 2025","url":"https://www.fu.gov.si/fileadmin/Internet/Davki_in_druge_dajatve/Podrocja/Mednarodno_obdavcenje/Opis/GB_International_taxation_-_general_explanations.doc","language":"en","retrievedAt":"2026-09-17"}],"indicators":{"scope":"These describe the publisher's statistical geography, not benefits acquired by holding its passport. Values from different years are not a like-for-like ranking. No combined quality-of-life score is calculated.","review":{"decision":"approved","reviewer":"/root/review_pass412","reviewedAt":"2026-09-22","recheckBy":"2026-12-21","candidateSha256":"39a387a50a2aabd1d22f731ee6cac6f5c5ca947272add45f874774511443a18c","notes":"Independently fetched the exact UNDP CSV, complete World Bank series and geography-registry responses, and parsed them using Ruby standard CSV/JSON rather than the author's parser. All 146 outcomes across 73 geographies match: 140 exact native values with provider names and years, and six explicit source-specific nulls (MC/MO HDI; VA/TW both). All ISO mappings and non-aggregate scopes checked, with absent registry entities explicitly qualified. Verified HDR2025/2023 latest HDI, WDI2024 observations and 2026-07-13 update, source licences, attribution, rounding disclosures and no endorsement. The initial candidate's decoded-text UNDP hash was held; this replacement preserves all independently checked observations, records explicit encodings and matches the independently downloaded original bytes: UNDP 61ed82e5b66c88dfca8ff9fac775c63981ecab6a254862af97acacc41c143117, WDI 19be3c9b22cbba7a453233aa0f98f86f0ca1437667a57e91e899d9d43e8a5784, registry d29d57f8adf954c5e2a1520a02fb2c7b45575d8db3bd327a9dff47d66914231c. Approval binds only these replacement candidate bytes; historic approvals remain unchanged."},"coverage":"reviewed_scope","observations":[{"code":"SI","providerEntityCode":"SVN","providerEntityName":"Slovenia","geographicScope":"Publisher-reported national statistical geography; not every overseas territory or citizen abroad","metric":"hdi","sourceId":"undp-hdr2025","period":"2023","value":0.931,"availability":"available","definition":{"label":"Human Development Index","unit":"0–1","precision":3,"description":"UNDP's development measure; not a passport or relocation score."},"source":{"id":"undp-hdr2025","publisher":"UNDP","attribution":"UNDP Human Development Report 2025, composite indices time series. Selected observations; display rounded to three decimals. No endorsement implied.","title":"Human Development Index","url":"https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/documentation-and-downloads","dataUrl":"https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2025_HDR/HDR25_Composite_indices_complete_time_series.csv","licenceUrl":"https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use","licence":"CC BY 3.0 IGO","edition":"Human Development Report 2025","sourceSha256":"61ed82e5b66c88dfca8ff9fac775c63981ecab6a254862af97acacc41c143117","dataEncoding":"windows-1252"}},{"code":"SI","providerEntityCode":"SVN","providerEntityName":"Slovenia","geographicScope":"Publisher-reported national statistical geography; not every overseas territory or citizen abroad","metric":"life_expectancy","sourceId":"wb-life","period":"2024","value":82.2853658536585,"availability":"available","definition":{"label":"Life expectancy at birth","unit":"years","precision":1,"description":"Population-level period estimate; not an individual prediction or healthcare-access rating."},"source":{"id":"wb-life","publisher":"World Bank","attribution":"World Bank: World Development Indicators, SP.DYN.LE00.IN; UN World Population Prospects, national statistical offices and Eurostat. Selected observations; display rounded to one decimal. No endorsement implied.","title":"Life expectancy at birth, total","url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN","dataUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN?format=json&date=2020:2026&per_page=20000","licenceUrl":"https://data.worldbank.org/summary-terms-of-use","licence":"CC BY 4.0 with World Bank additional terms","edition":"World Development Indicators, updated 2026-07-13","sourceSha256":"19be3c9b22cbba7a453233aa0f98f86f0ca1437667a57e91e899d9d43e8a5784","dataEncoding":"utf-8","geographyUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/all?format=json&per_page=400","geographySha256":"d29d57f8adf954c5e2a1520a02fb2c7b45575d8db3bd327a9dff47d66914231c"}}]}}