# Peru: naturalisation and legal transition Migraciones' January 2026 guidance describes a two-year ordinary residence route. Law 32421 enacted a five-year route but postpones commencement until its regulation is published; this collection does not establish that trigger as completed. Scope: Ordinary adult naturalisation under the currently posted procedure, with the new-law commencement uncertainty explicit; marriage, descent and exceptional routes excluded. Jurisdiction: Peru — nationality. Sources reviewed 2026-09-22; review due 2026-12-21. General information, not legal advice or a finding of eligibility. Requirements depend on the route, applicant and filing date. Verify the official instructions before applying. ## Published residence and status conditions The posted Migraciones procedure requires an adult applicant, at least two consecutive years of legal residence before filing, and current resident identity documentation with valid residence. It refers to immigration-status loss and authorised-absence rules; the two years are not a tourist-stay or unconditional physical-presence shortcut. Evidence: conditional. [Superintendencia Nacional de Migraciones: Apply for nationality by naturalisation — 27 January 2026](https://www.gob.pe/12580). Source location: Opening description and Condiciones, updated 27 January 2026.. ## Means and conduct evidence The procedure requires economic solvency of at least 10 UIT in annual gross income according to migration status; religious applicants have a support-declaration provision. It also requests declarations concerning health, actual address and criminal/judicial/police records, plus Interpol evidence under the stated judicial reinstatement of requirements. Evidence: conditional. [Superintendencia Nacional de Migraciones: Apply for nationality by naturalisation — 27 January 2026](https://www.gob.pe/12580). Source location: Requisitos and Importante, final judicial-measure paragraph; status-specific documentation.. ## Evaluation requirement Applicants must take the evaluation examination and maintain the necessary conditions during processing. The reviewed current application page does not specify a CEFR level or a complete exemption schedule; neither is inferred. Evidence: documented. [Superintendencia Nacional de Migraciones: Apply for nationality by naturalisation — 27 January 2026](https://www.gob.pe/12580). Source location: Condiciones, third bullet.. ## Approval, oath and identity registration If approved, Migraciones arranges the nationality ceremony, oath and delivery of the nationality title. The applicant then uses the title for RENIEC identity registration. Meeting the residence period alone is not an approved nationality grant. Evidence: documented. [Superintendencia Nacional de Migraciones: Apply for nationality by naturalisation — 27 January 2026](https://www.gob.pe/12580). Source location: Modalidad: Online, final two paragraphs.. ## Express renunciation rule Constitution Article 53 states that Peruvian nationality is lost only by express renunciation before a Peruvian authority. This does not settle another country's rules on retaining the applicant's existing nationality or invalidate the separate scrutiny of how nationality was acquired. Evidence: conditional. [Congreso de la República del Perú: Constitution Article 53 — parliamentary edition](https://www3.congreso.gob.pe/Docs/files/constitucion/constitucion2019/files/basic-html/page38.html). Source location: Article 53, parliamentary edition printed p.38.. ## New law's commencement unresolved Law 32421 Article 17(b) enacts five continuous years immediately before application, but its third final provision starts the law only the day after publication of its regulation. Earlier applications continue under their filing-date rules. The reviewed tracker lists a regulation deadline, not a published regulation; commencement is not established here. Evidence: not established. [Congreso de la República del Perú / El Peruano: Law 32421 — new nationality law, 15 August 2025](https://www3.congreso.gob.pe/Docs/DGP/DIDP/files/ley_32421.pdf); [Congreso de la República del Perú: 2025 laws and regulation tracker — Law 32421](https://www3.congreso.gob.pe/didp/seguimiento-reglamentacion-leyes/leyes-reglamentos-disposiciones-2025); [Superintendencia Nacional de Migraciones: Apply for nationality by naturalisation — 27 January 2026](https://www.gob.pe/12580). Source location: Law 32421 Article 17(b), Gazette p.8; third final, sole transitional and repeal provisions, p.10; parliamentary tracker row 31.. ## Scope and limitations - Recheck commencement with Migraciones before acting: an enacted law, a regulation deadline or a draft consultation is not proof that the new route has started. - The two-year description is attributed to the actual 27 January 2026 application guidance, not an unconditional confirmation of eligibility for every September 2026 filing. - The five-year new-law provision is not encoded as a current numeric requirement. Language levels, exemptions and a complete absence-counting rule remain unestablished in this bounded collection. ## Explore this passport - [Passport rank and travel access](https://multipassrank.com/passport/peru) - [Tax residence & income](https://multipassrank.com/passport/peru/taxes) - [Country-profile JSON, including sources and scoped requirements](https://multipassrank.com/api/v1/country-profiles/PE) - [Multiple-citizenship policy guide](https://multipassrank.com/dual-citizenship-countries) [Canonical page](https://multipassrank.com/passport/peru/citizenship)